Feank ehind



P. RHIND 8; J. PARTHING.

Chandelier.

P atented Oct. 19, 1880.

N. PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK RHIND, OF BROOKLYN, AND JOHN FARTHING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CHANDELIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,433, dated October19, 1880.

Application filed August 3, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, FRANK RHIND, ofBrooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, and JOHNFARTHING, of New York, in the county and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Kerosene-Chandeliers;and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

Our invention relates to an improvement in kerosene-chandeliers; and itconsists in using a sealing medium consisting of quicksilver or someequivalent substance which will always seal the tube through which theoil flows to the wick-cup when the chandelier is tilted over, wherebythe oil is prevented from filling the wick-cup and running over upon thefloor.

It further consists in the combination of two chambers, which are formedin the tube that conducts the oil to the wick-cups, one of whichchambers serves to hold the sealing medium, while the other chamberserves to prevent the sealing medium from running out while thechandelier is in the course of transportation.

The object of our invention is to prevent an excess of oil from runninginto one of the wickcups when the chandelier happens to be tilted uponone side, and thus prevent the oil from running over the top of the cupupon the floor.

The accompanying drawing represents a vertical section of our invention.

A represents the receiver, in which the reservoir containing the oil isplaced in the usual manner. This receiver is made of glass,.and has anumber of openings made through its bottom, which openings correspond tothe num ber of burners with which the chandelier is provided. Secured tothisreceiver at each one of these openings is a light tube, B, of anyde-' sired size, length, or shape, through which the oil from thereservoir is conducted to the wickcup 0. At the lowest point of thistube B is formed an enlargement or chamber, D, in which the sealin gmedium E, of quicksilver, glyceriue, or any other suitable substance, isplaced. The end of this tube B projects some distance into this chamber,so as to leave a space all around it for the sealing medium to settle inwhen the chandelier is tilted up, and thus prevent the sealing mediumfrom running out of the chamber down into the receiver. This sealingmedium will be gaged in quantity, so that the slightest tip of thechandelier will cause it to seal the lower end of the tube F, and thusprevent the passage of a single drop of oil to the wick-cup; but at thesame time this medium never rises above the end of the tube B so as tostop the flow of oil into the chamber. At the top of this tube F isformed a second chamber, G, into which the lower end of the tube I,which conducts the oil up into the wick-cup projects. This chamber isformed for the purpose of allowing the sealing medium to run down intoit while the chandelier is packed for transportation, and as there isample space around the end of the tube I in this chamber for the sealingmedium to settle, there is not the slightest danger of the mediumescaping into the wick-cup. The upper end of this tube I projects asuitable distance above the top of the bottom of the wick-cup, so as toprevent all of the sediment and dirt which may settle in the wick-cupfrom running down into the tubes. By means of this projecting end allpieces of wick and dirt are also prevented from getting into the tubeand clogging it up.

The wick-cupGis made of glass,ashereshown, and this cup, the twochambers, the conducting-tubes, and the receiver are all made in onesolid piece, so as to have no joints through which the oil can leak. Bythus making these parts all of glass not only is all leakage absolutelydone away with, but the parts can be manufactured much more cheaply thanwhen made of metal.

The great trouble with oil-chandeliers has always been a tendency toleak, and this they will generally do in spite of every precaution whichcan be taken to prevent it. More or less sulphuric acid always remainsin the oil after its purification, and this acid attacks the solder atthe joints and in a short time causes a leakage. By the use of glass theparts are all made in one single solid piece, and, as will readlly beseen, leakage is absolutely impossible. Atter these parts abovedescribed have been made they are placed in a suitable metallic casingor holder, and, after having been adjusted 111 position therein,plaster-of-paris or other suitable substance is poured into this casingso as to cover over the glass to any suitable extent, and thus not onlycenter it in position, but prevent it from being broken.

Of course the chandelier can have any desired number of arms, and, if sodesired, any other substances than glass may be used; but glass is muchto be preferred for the reasons above stated.

\Ve are well aware that valves have been placed in the arms ofchandeliers for the purpose of preventing the oil rising above acertainlevel in the wick-cups, and this we disclaim. It is perfectly evident toevery one who knows any hing of kerosene that no metallic valve can everbe made which will prevent the oil from leaking through.

\Ve are aware that the bowl of a lamp has been made separate from itsstand, and then the two parts secured together by cement, and this wedisclaim.

Having thus described our invention, we claim- 1. In akerosene-chandelier, a chamber, 1), 25 formed in the arm B between thewick-cup and reservoir-holder A, and provided with a sealing medium, E,which, when the chandelier is tilted to one side, closes the lower endof the tube F, substantially as shown. 0

2. In a kerosene-chandelier, the two lower chambers or enlargements ofthe conductingtube between the receiver and the wick-cups, and havinginterior continuations of the conducting-tubes, which project into themas de- 35 scribed, the chambers being provided with a suitable sealingmedium for preventing an excess of oil from flowing into the wick-cup,substantially as set forth.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing we 0 have hereunto set ourhands and seals this 21st day of July, 1880.

FRANK RHIND. L. s. JOHN FARTHING. iL. s] Witnesses:

WM. APGAR, JOHN \VALKER.

